Direct speech is when we say what someone said, using their exact words. Indirect speech is when we say what someone said, but not using their exact words. We change the verb tense, for example 'I will go' becomes 'he said he would go'.
Hotuba ya moja kwa moja ni wakati tunasema kile mtu alisema, kwa kutumia maneno yake yenyewe. Hotuba ya moja kwa moja siyo ni wakati tunasema kile mtu alisema, lakini hatutumii maneno yake yenyewe. Tunabadilisha wakati wa kiti, kwa mfano 'nitakuja' inakuwa 'alisema atakuja'.
Mifano & Matamshi
My teacher said, 'The exam is tomorrow.' I told my friend, 'The teacher said the exam is tomorrow.'
Mwalimu wangu alisema, 'Jaribio liko leo.', Nilimwambia rafiki yangu, 'Mwalimu alisema jaribio liko leo.'
No change in tense
My sister said, 'I will eat ugali.' My mother said, 'My sister said she would eat ugali.'
My friend said, 'I will meet you at the market.' I told my mother, 'My friend said she would meet me at the market.'
Rafiki yangu alisema, 'Nitakukutana nawe kwenye soko.' Nilimwambia mama yangu, 'Rafiki yangu alisema atakutana nami kwenye soko.'
Maelezo (Detail)
In the sentence 'I told my mother, my friend said she would meet me at the market', she would meet is indirect speech. We changed I will meet to she would meet because the speaker is talking about their friend. We also changed you to me because the speaker is talking to their mother.
Katika sentensi 'Nilimwambia mama yangu, rafiki yangu alisema atakutana nami kwenye soko', atakutana nami ni hotuba ya moja kwa moja siyo. Tuliibadilisha nitakukutana hadi atakutana nami kwa sababu mzungumzaji anazungumzia rafiki yake. Tuliibadilisha wewe hadi mimi kwa sababu mzungumzaji anazungumza na mama yake.
Mfano (Example) 2
Hadija said, 'I like eating ugali'.
Hadija alisema, 'Ninapenda kula ugali'.
Maelezo (Detail)
In the sentence 'Hadija said, "I like eating ugali"', said introduces direct speech. We can also use told or asked.
Katika sentensi 'Hadija alisema, "Ninapenda kula ugali"', alisema inaleta hotuba ya moja kwa moja. Tunaweza pia kutumia alimuambia au alimuliza.
Mfano (Example) 3
Peter said that he was going to Dar es Salaam.
Peter alisema kwamba yeye alikuwa anaelekea Dar es Salaam.
Maelezo (Detail)
In 'Peter said that he was going to Dar es Salaam', that introduces indirect speech. Alternatives: he told me, he said to me.
Katika 'Peter alisema kwamba yeye alikuwa anaelekea Dar es Salaam', kwamba inaleta hotuba ya kati. Chaguzi zingine: alisema kwamba, alimuambia kwamba
Maswali
1
Identify the direct and indirect speech in the sentence below: (Tambua hotuba ya moja kwa moja na isiyo moja kwa moja katika sentensi ifuatayo:)
My brother said, 'I am going to school.' My mother said, 'My brother said he was going to school.'
Direct speech: 'I am going to school.', Indirect speech: 'he was going to school.'
2
Complete the sentence: My friend said, '_____' and I said, 'My friend said _____'.
Tunabadilisha 'I' hadi 'he' na kuongeza 'will'
3
Choose the correct indirect speech: 'My brother said ______'.
Tunabadilisha 'I' hadi 'he' na kuongeza 'was'
4
Find the error in the sentence: My teacher said, 'The exam is tomorrow' and I told my friend, 'The teacher said the exam is today.'. What is the error?
Siku ya jaribio haikuwa sawa
5
Identify the direct speech: 'Ethan said, _______.'
hotuba ya moja kwa moja iko ndani ya mabano.
6
Change to indirect speech: 'Hadija said, _______.'
tunabadilisha hotuba ya moja kwa moja kuwa hotuba ya kimakusudi.
7
Choose the correct reporting verb: 'Ethan _______ that he would go to Musoma.' (chagua majibu yote sahihi)
kitenzi sahihi cha kuripoti ni 'said'.
8
Which of the following is an example of direct speech? (chagua majibu yote sahihi)
hotuba ya moja kwa moja iko ndani ya mabano.
9
Change the verb tense: 'I _______ to Dar es Salaam.'
tunabadilisha nyakati za vitendo.
10
Replace the name with a pronoun: 'Hadija _______ that she would go to Mtwara.'
tunatumia viambishi kubadilisha majina ya watu.
11
Report the question: 'What is your name?' becomes 'He _______.
tunabadilisha maswali kuwa taarifa.
Zungumza
Sema: Tell your friend what your mother said about the weather.